UV Light & Eye Damage


UVA and more commonly UVB light can both cause and propel several diseases and conditions, which affect the eye.  The damage to eyes can happen slowly over time and once the damage has been done it may not be reversible.  Some people are more sensitive to UV light than others. 

Everyone is at risk from damage from the sun throughout the year, but the greatest risk is from around 10.00am to 4.00pm.  Particularly prone are beach goers or those who spend a lot of time in the snow such a skiers.  Fisherman, are also at risk as they spend a lot of time near water.  The reflective qualities of sand, snow and water amplify the effects of UV radiation, which can then harm unprotected eyes.

Eyes can be damaged because light is a form of energy and when eyes absorb light, a heat or chemical reaction occurs in the eye.  UVA and UVB light, are absorbed by different parts of the eye and can damage different areas or cause different problems:

  • Cornea - The cornea and the conjunctiva both absorb UVB rays and excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation can damage these. 
  • Eye Lens - The eye lens tends to absorb UVA rays.
  • Retina - This absorbs visible light.  If visible light is too bright or if it is too intense, the retina can be damaged.  Even if you stare directly at the sun, the retina can be damaged.  This can cause permanent loss of sight in very severe cases, although the incidence of this is very rare.

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