Causes of Keratoconus


For a long time, no one really knew what caused Keratoconus. Research into the vision problem shows that the condition weakens the tissue in the cornea, which is believed to be traced back to an enzyme imbalance in the eye. Because of this imbalance, free radicals are more able to attack and damage the cornea. As that tissue weakens, the cornea begins to change shape leading to the problem.

Other factors can also lead to Keratoconus. Some research suggests that ultraviolet light can lead to damage, which causes the changes in the cornea. People who have had a history of eye irritation, especially when that irritation caused them to rub their eyes frequently, are more likely to have this eye problem than other people, too.

Below is a summary of some of the potential causes suspected or known to cause Keratoconus:

  • Enzyme imbalance in the cornea
  • Weak corneal tissue (usually related to the symptom above)
  • Frequent eye irritation
  • Exposure to ultraviolet light
  • Frequent eye rubbing
  • Genetics (a family history of this condition is a big risk factor in developing Keratoconus)
  • Improperly fitted contact lenses or prolonged use of hard lenses
  • Other medical conditions, including Down’s Syndrome or Addison’s Disease

While knowing the specific cause is not going to change the diagnosis, it may be helpful to know the potential causes to determine your risk of developing the problem.

Regardless of what causes the problem, you may have periods of time when your vision gets worse very quickly and times when your vision seems to change very slowly. This is common with the disorder but does not mean your condition has gone away or is getting better on its own. Treatment for Keratoconus is often necessary if you want to avoid complications and to improve your vision.

Overtime, the shape of the cornea may significantly distort your vision. Additionally, the changing shape of the cornea could end up causing scarring of the cornea. If that happens, your vision will be permanently damaged and a cornea replacement will be required to improve your vision.

If you think you may be suffering from keratoconus because you are exhibiting symptoms such as blurred or double vision, shadows in your field of vision, headaches caused by increased eye strain, or quickly worsening vision, then you need to speak to an eye care professional. By bringing your concern to his or her attention, you may prompt them to identify a problem that may have been overlooked otherwise.

Also, conditions such as this one are good reasons for maintaining regular visits to your optician. By having these visits, your condition or other vision problems can be spotted and treated earlier which can sometimes stop them from getting worse or, at the very least, help save you from suffering with distorted vision and other symptoms so some degree.

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